The Evidence on Teaching

Explore the evidence

7 of 88 decisions · clear everything

Survives the gold standardIndependent, durable, rigorousThe debunked shelfCheap winsFor parents at homeFamous numbers, deflatedWhere we admit ignoranceThe terrain
evidencealldrop DA–BA only
evaluatoranyno dev-ledindependent
durabilityanyfollow-up≥1yr≥2yr
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Your situation · from the applicability layer — absence means “not yet assessed,” never “doesn’t apply”
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Grit is conscientiousness renamed and adds 0.4% to grade prediction; self-control genuinely predicts life outcomes but is 60% heritable with zero shared environment, and training moves ratings, not lives.

mixedconf: highgc: medium
20/2036/48connected:Should a school buy a social and eDoes teaching a growth mindset raiHow should a school run its classr

Are self-control and grit teachable levers on achievement? · character · ages 4–18

Growth-mindset interventions change beliefs almost everywhere and change achievement almost nowhere: the two independent national-scale trials measured standardized tests and found exactly zero.

mixedconf: highgc: low
18/1829/48connected:FadeoutSystematic/explicit phonics vs whoTalent and trainabilityAre self-control and grit teachabl

Does teaching a growth mindset raise achievement? · character · ages 4–18

The famous faded-feedback demo doesn't survive meta-analysis; mental practice is real at half the advertised size and never substitutes for physical practice.

mixedconf: highgc: low
7/79/48connected:Does teaching music produce musica

Feedback frequency and mental practice in motor learning · motor-skills · ages 4–18

Varied practice looks worse today and better at retention — in the lab. Applied settings shrink the edge to zero, and it reverses in under-18s.

mixedconf: highgc: low
7/76/48connected:Talent and trainability

Practice scheduling for motor skills — varied vs blocked, spaced vs massed · motor-skills · ages 4–18

SEL programmes move the ratings they are evaluated on far more than the attainment they are sold on: the famous +0.27 is now 0.10, and no large independent trial has reproduced it on an externally marked test.

mixedconf: highgc: low
19/1948/48connected:Are self-control and grit teachablHow should a school run its classr

Should a school buy a social and emotional learning programme? · character · ages 4–18

Executive function trains like a task, not like a capacity: gains are real, narrow, and gone at follow-up, EF curricula are null under independent trial, and the latent construct is ~100% heritable.

no effectconf: highgc: low
21/2148/48connected:Does working-memory or brain trainHow should a school run its classrFadeoutTalent and trainability

Can executive function be trained, and does it transfer to learning? · character · ages 4–18

Near-zero in primary and almost entirely correlational in secondary. The causal base is three small trials; what the homework IS beats how much of it there is.

mixedconf: mediumgc: medium
16/1629/48

Homework — effects by age and by dosage · homework · ages 5–18 · structure

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