The Evidence on Teaching

Standard Deviation of Individual Response for VO2max Following Exercise Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Renwick, J., Preobrazenski, N., Wu, N., et al. · 2024

grade Bmeta-analysisindependentreplicatednumbers spot-checked
Sample
24 studies WITH non-exercise comparator arms
Population
Exercise-training interventions with control arms.
Design
The control-arm corrective to HERITAGE. Only studies with a non-exercise comparator can separate true individual response differences from measurement error and within-subject random variation.
Key findings
Undercuts the premise that 'trainability' is a stable heritable trait. Most variance in VO2max change scores is MEASUREMENT ERROR; the meta-analysed standard deviation of individual response 'does not provide strong evidence for a positive value' — i.e. not strong evidence that true VO2max trainability differences exist at all. Converges with Bonafiglia 2022 (IPD, 1,879 participants, 8 RCTs). In one reanalysis the CONTROL group's SD of change (+/-5.6 ml/kg/min) EXCEEDED the training group's (+/-3.7) — the opposite sign from a true response-heterogeneity signal.
Genetic confound
N/A — this is the design that tests whether the apparent trait exists before heritability is even estimable.
Replication notes
Converges with Bonafiglia et al. 2022 individual-participant-data meta-analysis.

Effects

OutcomeMetricValueMeasureTimingVsHorizonClass
True individual-response variance in VO2max after trainingSD of individual responseno strong evidence for a positive value; most change-score variance is measurement errorstandardizedpost-training, control-arm comparisonbusiness-as-usualend-of-treatmenthealth

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Standard Deviation of Individual Response for VO2max Following Exercise Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis · The Evidence on Teaching