The Evidence on Teaching

Students’ Civic Online Reasoning: A National Portrait

Breakstone J, Smith M, Wineburg S, Rapaport A, Carle J, Garland M, Saavedra A · 2021

grade Dreviewdeveloper-lednot-applicable
Sample
3,446 high school students in 14 states, sampled to match the demographic profile of US high schoolers
Population
US high school students, 2018-2019
Design
A descriptive national assessment of how well US high school students evaluate online information. No intervention, no comparison condition, no causal question. It establishes the size of the problem that the Civic Online Reasoning curriculum was designed to address, which is why it is recorded rather than ignored.
Key findings
Students performed very poorly on basic evaluations of digital sources - large majorities failed tasks such as identifying the funder behind an advocacy website or recognising a video as unrelated to its claimed subject. On one task only three of more than 3,000 students traced the source of a video. The finding is about prevalence, not about what instruction can do.
Genetic confound
Not applicable - descriptive prevalence, no causal claim.
Replication notes
not-applicable - a survey of the state of the world, not a testable causal claim.
DOI / URL
10.3102/0013189X211017495

Effects

OutcomeMetricValueMeasureTimingVsHorizonClass
Baseline competence at evaluating digital sourcespercentage of students passing researcher-built tasksoverwhelming majorities failed; near-floor performance on source-tracing tasksresearcher-designedsingle cross-sectional administrationnonenot-applicabledomain-skill
Students’ Civic Online Reasoning: A National Portrait · The Evidence on Teaching