Explore the evidence
1 of 88 decisions · clear everything
Survives the gold standardIndependent, durable, rigorousThe debunked shelfCheap winsFor parents at homeFamous numbers, deflatedWhere we admit ignoranceThe terrain
domain
- math6
- reading6
- early childhood5
- health4
- debunked3
- practice3
- arts2
- grouping2
- instruction style2
- motor skills2
- time2
- behavior1
- class size1
- curriculum1
- deliberate practice1
- feedback1
- foreign language1
- history civics1
- mastery1
- physical development1
- practical1
- retention1
- school structure1
- science1
- sport1
- talent1
- teachers1
- transfer1
- tutoring1
layer
Your situation · from the applicability layer — absence means “not yet assessed,” never “doesn’t apply”
Taking time away hurts measurably; adding it back buys almost nothing. The return per hour is ~0.02-0.03 SD, concave, and near zero in disorderly classrooms.
mixedconf: mediumgc: low23/2338/48
Length of the school day and year, time-on-task, extended time, and summer · time · ages 4–18 · structure
Not yet assessed for this question · 7
- Chronic absenteeism — does raising attendance raise achievement?
- Background knowledge and vocabulary as drivers of reading comprehension
- Phonemic awareness training (and whether it needs letters)
- Systematic/explicit phonics vs whole language and balanced literacy
- Reading-comprehension strategy instruction (reciprocal teaching, summarizing, questioning)
- Reading fluency — guided repeated oral reading, and whether repetition matters
- Reading Recovery and Tier-2 1:1 early-literacy tutoring
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