Explore the evidence
2 of 88 decisions · clear everything
Survives the gold standardIndependent, durable, rigorousThe debunked shelfCheap winsFor parents at homeFamous numbers, deflatedWhere we admit ignoranceThe terrain
domain
- writing6
- health4
- assessment3
- debunked3
- early childhood3
- homeschool3
- science3
- arts2
- character2
- foreign language2
- grouping2
- math2
- reading2
- time2
- transfer2
- behavior1
- class size1
- computer science1
- curriculum1
- edtech1
- history civics1
- homework1
- mastery1
- motor skills1
- physical development1
- practical1
- retention1
- school structure1
- sport1
- teachers1
verdict
confidence
layer
survival prior
Your situation · from the applicability layer — absence means “not yet assessed,” never “doesn’t apply”
who's delivering
group / setting
outcome class
Immersion costs nothing in English and buys a little — a lottery puts English reading 0.13-0.22 SD ahead by grades 5 and 8 — but no lottery has ever measured how much of the second language students actually learn.
moderate supportconf: mediumgc: low8/824/48
Does dual-language immersion work, and is the gain in the second language or in English? · foreign-language · ages 4–18
Attainment falls steadily with age of first exposure, but the sharp critical period is contested and an earlier classroom start buys nothing durable: start young for immersion, not for two lessons a week.
mixedconf: mediumgc: medium14/1424/48
Is there a critical period for learning a second language, and when should a child start? · foreign-language · ages 4–18
The URL is the state — any view you build here is a permalink you can hand to someone mid-argument.