Explore the evidence
1 of 88 decisions · clear everything
Survives the gold standardIndependent, durable, rigorousThe debunked shelfCheap winsFor parents at homeFamous numbers, deflatedWhere we admit ignoranceThe terrain
domain
- math6
- reading6
- early childhood5
- debunked3
- health3
- practice3
- character2
- foreign language2
- grouping2
- homeschool2
- instruction style2
- motor skills2
- music2
- time2
- transfer2
- arts1
- assessment1
- class size1
- curriculum1
- deliberate practice1
- edtech1
- feedback1
- mastery1
- physical development1
- practical1
- retention1
- school structure1
- sport1
- talent1
- teachers1
- tutoring1
- writing1
verdict
confidence
layer
Your situation · from the applicability layer — absence means “not yet assessed,” never “doesn’t apply”
group / setting
outcome class
Coaching buys ~0.25 SD of score and has for 42 years — a fraction of what's advertised — and none of it is ability. The score moves; the construct doesn't.
mixedconf: mediumgc: medium20/2036/48
Test preparation — does coaching raise scores, and does a raised score mean raised ability? · assessment · ages 5–18 · structure
The URL is the state — any view you build here is a permalink you can hand to someone mid-argument.