Does Knowledge of Constitutional Principles Increase Support for Civil Liberties? Results from a Randomized Field Experiment - Green, DP; Aronow, PM; Bergan, DE; Greene, P; Paris, C; Weinberger, BI (2011)
rct; evidence grade B

Does Deliberative Education Increase Civic Competence? Results from a Field Experiment - Persson, M; Andersson, K; Zetterberg, P; Ekman, J; Lundin, S (2020)
rct; evidence grade B

Why Does Education Increase Voting? Evidence from Boston's Charter Schools - Cohodes, SR; Feigenbaum, JJ (2025)
natural-experiment; evidence grade A

Can Charter Schools Boost Civic Participation? The Impact of Democracy Prep Public Schools on Voting Behavior - Gill, B; Whitesell, ER; Corcoran, SP; Tilley, C; Finucane, M; Potamites, L (2020)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Childhood Skill Development and Adult Political Participation - Holbein, JB (2017)
rct; evidence grade B

Using Experiments to Estimate the Effects of Education on Voter Turnout - Sondheimer, RM; Green, DP (2010)
rct; evidence grade B

The Stubborn Unresponsiveness of Youth Voter Turnout to Civic Education: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From State-Mandated Civics Tests - Jung, J; Gopalan, M (2024)
quasi-experiment; evidence grade C

Testing Civics: State-Level Civic Education Requirements and Political Knowledge - Campbell, DE; Niemi, RG (2016)
quasi-experiment; evidence grade C

Civic Education in High School and Voter Turnout in Adulthood - Weinschenk, AC; Dawes, CT (2022)
longitudinal; evidence grade C

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Professional Development for Interdisciplinary Civic Education: Impacts on Humanities Teachers and Their Students - Barr, DJ; Boulay, B; Selman, RL; McCormick, R; Lowenstein, E; Gamse, B; Fine, M; Leonard, MB (2015)
rct; evidence grade C

Involuntary volunteering: The impact of mandated service in public schools - Helms, S (2013)
quasi-experiment; evidence grade C

Does education improve citizenship? Evidence from the United States and the United Kingdom - Milligan, K; Moretti, E; Oreopoulos, P (2004)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Are there civic returns to education? - Dee, TS (2004)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Education and Political Participation: Exploring the Causal Link - Berinsky, AJ; Lenz, GS (2011)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Length of compulsory education and voter turnout—evidence from a staged reform - Pelkonen, P (2012)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Enhancing Electoral Equality: Can Education Compensate for Family Background Differences in Voting Participation? - Lindgren K-O; Oskarsson, S; Persson, M (2019)
natural-experiment; evidence grade B

Estimating the Impact of Education on Political Participation: Evidence from Monozygotic Twins in the United States, Denmark and Sweden - Dinesen, PT; Dawes, CT; Johannesson, M; Klemmensen, R; Magnusson, P; Nørgaard, AS; Petersen, I; Oskarsson, S (2016)
twin-adoption; evidence grade B

Does civic education for young people increase political participation? A systematic review - Manning, N; Edwards, K (2014)
review; evidence grade C

Education and Political Participation - Willeck, C; Mendelberg, T (2022)
review; evidence grade C